Non-Thermal Corrections to Hawking Radiation Versus the Information Paradox

We provide a model-independent argument indicating that for a black hole of entropy N the non-thermal deviations from Hawking radiation, per each emission time, are of order 1/N , as opposed to e−N . This fact abolishes the standard a priory basis for the information paradox. Based on discussion given at 2015 Erice Summer School ”Future of Our Physics Including New Frontiers.” The famous Hawking’s information paradox [1] is based on an implicit assumption that during the black hole evaporation process the deviations from exact thermality are negligible. On the other hand, this assumption does not hold in a microscopic quantum theory of a black hole, where the corrections are suppressed by inverse powers of entropy [2]. In this note, we shall distill the model-independent aspect of these corrections. Without relying on any particular microscopic picture, we shall show that the exact thermality assumption contradicts to some well-established knowledge about black holes and quantum physics. The presented argument reflects on the discussions presented in series of papers written together with Cesar Gomez, such as [2] and subsequent articles. First, we shall recall that Bekenstein’s entropy scales as area in Planck units [3],